explaining rural womens' participation in extension education program based on arnstein's ladder of citizen participation model

A Ladder of Citizen Participation

The beated controversy over "citizen participation," "citizen conuol," and "maximum feasible involvement of the poor," has been waged largely in ( enDS of exacerbated rhetoric and misleading euphemislDS. To encourage a more enlightened dialogue, a typology of citizen participation is offered using examples from three federal social programs: urban renewal. antipoverty, and Model Cities. The typ...

Explaining Rural Household Participation in Recycling

Rising landfill costs have forced solid waste managers to consider waste streamreduction alternativessuch as household recycling. Explaining the factors which motivate households to recycle is important to regions where households must bear a large portion of the recycling cost because unit-based garbage disposal fees and curbside recycling are not feasible options. Empirical results indicate t...

Citizen centric e-participation

New e-participation services are heralded as an important means to achieve “citizen-centric government”. The project “Citizen-centric e-Participation” is a trilateral collaboration project between Sweden, Estonia and Iceland, combining research with networking to enhance e-participation in three countries. The project network includes partners from local governments, experienced researchers in ...

Farmers participation in the administration of rural service centers program in iran

Factors Influencing Rural Women Participation in Agricultural Extension Programs, Case Study Mazandaran, Iran

The general purpose of this article is to identify the influencing factors on rural women participation inagricultural extension programs in Mazandaran Province. Therefore, using multi-stage sampling, 300 ruralwomen were selected randomly. The research instrument was a semi-structured questionnaire. Results showthat rural women participation in agricultural extension programs is at average leve...

The effect of a program designed based on PRECEDE-PROCEED model on adolescents’ mental health and their parents’ participation

Background: Parents have high motivation to provide mental health promotion for their adolescents, but cannot treat them effectively due to the lack of knowledge and an organized model to do accordingly. Aim: To evaluate the effect of an educational program based on PRECEDE- PROCEED  Model on adolescents’ mental health and their parents’ participation. Method: The study was a randomized control...